Air Quality Indicator Outfit

Inspiration

As the industrialization and urbanization process in some developing regions pushes on, the air pollution has become a serious problem in many mega cities. More importantly, such pollutants especially the particulate matters have a huge impact on the health condition of the urban habitants. So in my views, the visualized air quality indicator can be predictable.

This project is going to come up with ways of informing people the real time air quality in surrounding area. In this way, citizens could be able to know the air they are breathing at that moment and arrange their outdoor activities according to the air quality.

Research

Air Quality Index

Major Pollutants

Particulate Matters

Nitrogen Dioxide

Ozone

Sulfur Dioxide

Carbon Monoxide

0 - 50

Good

51 - 100

Moderate

101 - 150

Unhealthy

for Sensitive

151 - 200

Unhealthy

201 - 300

Very Unhealthy

301 - 500

Hazardous

Where they are from

Automobile

Factory emission

Flowing dust

Fossil burning

Construction

Chemical reaction

Diseases caused

Solidity

Gas

Ozone

Sulfide

Oxynitride

Carbon Monoxide

* Sterilization

* Toxicity: strong oxidation ability

* skin and eyes stabbing pain

* Have trouble breathing, cough and headache

* Respiratory tract injury

* Pulmonary fibrosis is a mutagenesis

* Embryotoxicity

* Sulfur dioxide

* Sulfate aerosols

* Neutralizes hemoglobin in the blood, leading to hypoxia and poisoning.

PM2.5

PM10

* When PM2.5 enters the alveoli, it will affect the ventilation function and make the body anoxic.

* Leading to cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases and lung cancer.

* Adsorbs pollutants and heavy metals.

* It can lead to metal poisoning and radioactive pollution.

* Sulfate will weaken the lung function and lead to cough, eye irritation and acute tracheitis and pulmonary edema.

* Nitrate can lead to mucosal edema, weaken phagocytic function and cause visceral damage.

* Silicate can cause pulmonary fibrosis and form pulmonary silicosis.

Comparison in PM standard

China

US

Scope of work

Working location range by occupations

Working hours by occupations

Sensor research

Grayscale Sensor

Ozone

sensor

Sulfur dioxide sensor

Particle

sensor

Carbon monoxide

sensor

Hydrogen sulphide

sensor

Detection object: Grayscale

Data:0~1023

When the color is lighter, the value is smaller. The darker the color, the greater the value.

Detection object: O3 gas

Detection concentration range:10 to 1000 ppb

The voltage of analog output will increase with the increase of concentration, and the higher the concentration, the higher the voltage.

Detection object: SO2

Detection concentration range: 1 to 500 ppm

The analog output voltage increases with the increasing concentration, and the higher the concentration, the higher the voltage is.

Detection object: PM2.5 / PM10.0

Detection concentration range: 0 to 600 ug/m3

The analog output voltage increases with the increasing concentration, and the higher the concentration, the higher the voltage is.

Detection object: CO

Detection concentration range: 10 to 1000 ppm

The analog output voltage increases with the increasing concentration, and the higher the concentration, the higher the voltage is.

Detection object: H2S

Detection concentration range: 1 to 100 ppm

The analog output voltage increases with the increasing concentration, and the higher the concentration, the higher the voltage is.

Material Analysis

Electrochromic material

Tungsten oxide

After Tungsten Oxide was injected with electrons and ions, it changed from colorless to blue. After withdrawing electrons and ions, they change from blue to colorless.

PANI

-0.2V

+0.5V

+0.8V

+1.0V

Polyaniline will change from bright yellow to green, then to dark blue and finally to black with the increase of potential, and this process is completely reversible.

Photochromic material

Tungsten oxide

Silver Chloride will change from transparent to gray-black after being irradiated with light of a certain wavelength. After the irradiation light is removed, it will change from gray-black to transparent.

Spiropyran

Spiropyran will change from colorless to blue under the irradiation of ultraviolet light. Under the action of visible light, it will change from blue to colorless.

Thermochromism material

Cobalt chloride Hexamethylenetetramine hexahydrate

This substance will change from pink to sky blue after being heated to a certain temperature. After cooling, it will change from sky blue to pink.

LCD

34.1˚C

35.1˚C

36.6˚C

37.6˚C

As the temperature rise, will change from red to green, then to blue and finally to purple as the temperature rises.

Experiment 1 (thermochromism)

Reversible thermochromic powder

Material preparation

Pour 15g glue A into 5g glue b. add 2g powder. Stir and smear

Heat up and change from red to yellow

Cool down and change from yellow to red

Experiment 2 (electrochromism)

By changing the concentration of polyaniline, the voltage is adjusted.

As the concentration of polyaniline increases, the solution changes from green to blue and then to black.

Conductive polyaniline powder soluble in n-methylpyrrolidone can brighten LED

The principle of the process

GP2Y1014AU dust sensor

Air quality monitoring

Directed emission of LED light can determine the content of dust by detecting the refracted light of dust in the gas flowing freely through the hole.

Concentration signal to Electrical signal

0-75

75-150

150-300

300-1050

1050-3000

3000+

Good

OK

Bad

Very bad

PM2.5 Index

Electrical signal to Thermal signal

The electrothermal conversion efficiency of the carbon fiber heating element is high, and 99.9 % of the electric energy can be converted into far infrared radiation with a wavelength of 5 - 20 microns, which is beneficial to human health.